Arch Linux 软件安装和用法

# vim /etc/default/grub
# grub-mkconfig -o /boot/grub/grub.cfg

-GRUB_TIMEOUT=1
+GRUB_TIMEOUT=0

--save /etc/pacman.d/mirrorlist
--country China
--protocol https
--latest 5

systemctl enable reflector
systemctl start reflector
vim /usr/lib/systemd/system/reflector.service

# error: failed to retrieve mirrorstatus data: URLError: <urlopen error [Errno 101] Network is unreachable>

[Trigger]
Operation = Upgrade
Type = Package
Target = pacman-mirrorlist

[Action]
Description = Updating pacman-mirrorlist with reflector and removing pacnew...
When = PostTransaction
Depends = reflector
Exec = /bin/sh -c 'systemctl start reflector.service; [ -f /etc/pacman.d/mirrorlist.pacnew ] && rm /etc/pacman.d/mirrorlist.pacnew'

# pacman -S clash
# clash # Generate config.yaml, Country.mmdb in ~/.config/clash
## download yaml file from your service provider, rename it to config.yaml, put it under your clash folder

# open clash at start https://github.com/Dreamacro/clash/wiki/clash-as-a-daemon
# vim /etc/systemd/system/clash.service

[Unit]
Description=Clash daemon, A rule-based proxy in Go.
After=network.target

[Service]
Type=simple
Restart=always
ExecStart=/usr/local/bin/clash -d "/home/archie/.config/clash"

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target

pacman -S proxychains-ng

# mkdir /usr/share/hunspell
# cd /usr/share/hunspell
# wget -O en_US.aff  https://cgit.freedesktop.org/libreoffice/dictionaries/plain/en/en_US.aff?id=a4473e06b56bfe35187e302754f6baaa8d75e54f
# wget -O en_US.dic https://cgit.freedesktop.org/libreoffice/dictionaries/plain/en/en_US.dic?id=a4473e06b56bfe35187e302754f6baaa8d75e54f

# pacman -S fcitx-im fcitx-configtool fcitx-googlepinyin kcm-fcitx

# /etc/profile
export XMODIFIERS="@im=fcitx"
export GTK_IM_MODULE="fcitx"
export QT_IM_MODULE="fcitx"

# pacman -Rsc fcitx
# pacman -S fcitx5-im fcitx5-chinese-addons fcitx5-pinyin-zhwiki fcitx5-material-color

# pacman -S noto-fonts noto-fonts-emoji noto-fonts-cjk adobe-source-han-sans-cn-fonts adobe-source-han-serif-cn-fonts
# yay -S nerd-fonts-ibm-plex-mono

# fc-cache -fv # 更新字体缓存

<?xml version='1.0'?>
<!DOCTYPE fontconfig SYSTEM 'fonts.dtd'>
<fontconfig>

  <match target="font">
    <edit mode="assign" name="rgba">
      <const>rgb</const>
    </edit>
  </match>

  <match target="font">
    <edit mode="assign" name="hintstyle">
      <const>hintslight</const>
    </edit>
  </match>

  <match target="font">
    <edit mode="assign" name="antialias">
      <bool>true</bool>
    </edit>
  </match>

  <!-- Map fonts that are commonly used by web pages to our preferred fonts -->
  <match target="pattern">
    <test qual="any" name="family"><string>Cantarell</string></test>
    <edit name="family" mode="assign" binding="same"><string>sans-serif</string></edit>
  </match>

  <match target="pattern">
    <test qual="any" name="family"><string>BlexMono Nerd Font Mono</string></test>
    <edit name="family" mode="assign" binding="same"><string>monospace</string></edit>
  </match>

  <!-- Default font for the zh_CN locale (no fc-match pattern) -->
  <match>
    <test compare="contains" name="lang">
      <string>zh_CN</string>
    </test>
    <edit mode="prepend" name="family">
      <string>Noto Sans CJK SC</string>
    </edit>
  </match>

  <!-- Default sans-serif font -->
  <match target="pattern">
    <test qual="any" name="family">
      <string>sans-serif</string></test>
    <edit name="family" mode="prepend" binding="same">
      <string>Noto Sans</string>
    </edit>
  </match>

  <!-- Default serif fonts -->
  <match target="pattern">
    <test qual="any" name="family">
      <string>serif</string>
    </test>
    <edit name="family" mode="prepend" binding="same">
      <string>Noto Serif</string>
    </edit>
  </match>

  <!-- Default monospace fonts -->
  <match target="pattern">
    <test qual="any" name="family">
      <string>monospace</string>
    </test>
    <edit name="family" mode="prepend" binding="same">
      <string>BlexMono Nerd Font Mono</string>
    </edit>
  </match>

  <!-- Fallback fonts preference order -->
  <alias>
    <family>sans-serif</family>
    <prefer>
      <family>Noto Sans</family>
      <family>Noto Sans CJK SC</family>
      <family>Noto Sans CJK TC</family>
      <family>Noto Sans CJK JP</family>
      <family>Noto Sans CJK KR</family>
      <family>Noto Color Emoji</family>
      <family>Noto Emoji</family>
    </prefer>
  </alias>
  <alias>
    <family>serif</family>
    <prefer>
      <family>Noto Serif</family>
      <family>Noto Serif CJK SC</family>
      <family>Noto Serif CJK TC</family>
      <family>Noto Serif CJK JP</family>
      <family>Noto Serif CJK KR</family>
      <family>Noto Color Emoji</family>
      <family>Noto Emoji</family>
    </prefer>
  </alias>
  <alias>
    <family>monospace</family>
    <prefer>
      <family>BlexMono Nerd Font Mono</family>
      <family>Noto Color Emoji</family>
      <family>Noto Emoji</family>
    </prefer>
  </alias>

  <selectfont>
    <rejectfont>
      <pattern>
        <patelt name="family" >
          <!-- This font is causing problem with GitHub -->
          <string>Nimbus Sans</string>
        </patelt>
      </pattern>
    </rejectfont>
  </selectfont>

</fontconfig>

# systemctl enable --now bluetooth

# 来自 bluetooth.service 的 systemd log
# ConfigurationDirectory 'bluetooth' already exists but the mode is different. (File system: 755 ConfigurationDirectoryMode: 555)
# src/device.c:device_set_wake_support() Unable to set wake_support without RPA resolution
# src/adapter.c:set_device_privacy_complete() Set device flags return status: Invalid Parameters

# dmesg | grep Bluetooth 输出
[    2.357525] usb 1-8: Product: Bluetooth Radio
[    3.057353] Bluetooth: Core ver 2.22
[    3.057403] Bluetooth: HCI device and connection manager initialized
[    3.057410] Bluetooth: HCI socket layer initialized
[    3.057413] Bluetooth: L2CAP socket layer initialized
[    3.057420] Bluetooth: SCO socket layer initialized
[    3.716563] Bluetooth: hci0: RTL: examining hci_ver=08 hci_rev=000c lmp_ver=08 lmp_subver=8821
[    3.717200] Bluetooth: hci0: RTL: rom_version status=0 version=1
[    3.717204] Bluetooth: hci0: RTL: loading rtl_bt/rtl8821c_fw.bin
[    3.722382] Bluetooth: hci0: RTL: loading rtl_bt/rtl8821c_config.bin
[    3.723300] Bluetooth: hci0: RTL: cfg_sz 10, total sz 31990
[    4.174265] Bluetooth: hci0: RTL: fw version 0x829a7644
[    5.868007] Bluetooth: BNEP (Ethernet Emulation) ver 1.3
[    5.868012] Bluetooth: BNEP filters: protocol multicast
[    5.868017] Bluetooth: BNEP socket layer initialized
[    6.136304] Bluetooth: hci0: Bad flag given (0x2) vs supported (0x1)
[   17.200632] Bluetooth: RFCOMM TTY layer initialized
[   17.200645] Bluetooth: RFCOMM socket layer initialized
[   17.200654] Bluetooth: RFCOMM ver 1.11
[   32.473238] Bluetooth: hci0: unexpected cc 0x0c7c length: 1 < 3
[  962.089278] Bluetooth: hci0: Bad flag given (0x2) vs supported (0x1)
[  971.016364] Bluetooth: hci0: unexpected cc 0x0c7c length: 1 < 3

# yay -Syyuu bluedevil bluez-utils pulseaudio-bluetooth

# pacman -S openssh
#wget -O ~/.gitconfig https://github.com/tianheg/dotfiles/raw/main/gitconfig
# 不要忘记 commit.gpgsign true

## SSH
# chmod 400 ~/.ssh/id_ed25519
# 解决 sign_and_send_pubkey: signing failed for ED25519 "/home/user/.ssh/id_ed25519" from agent: agent refused operation; git@github.com: Permission denied (publickey).

# https://superuser.com/a/954536 ; https://superuser.com/a/954639
# Set ownership to your own user and primary group
# chown -R "$USER:$(id -gn)" ~/.gnupg
# Set permissions to read, write, execute for only yourself, no others
# chmod 700 ~/.gnupg
# Set permissions to read, write for only yourself, no others
# chmod 600 ~/.gnupg/*

wget -O tianheg-pubkeys.txt https://github.com/tianheg.gpg
wget -O github-web-flow.txt https://github.com/web-flow.gpg
gpg --import tianheg-pubkeys.txt
gpg --import github-web-flow.txt

default-cache-ttl 28800
max-cache-ttl 28800

vim ~/ijkl
xmodmap ~/ijkl

keycode 66 = Mode_switch
keysym j = j J Left
keysym l = l L Right
keysym i = i I Up
keysym k = k K Down

[archlinuxcn]
Server = https://repo.archlinuxcn.org/$arch

# pacman -Syy && pacman -S archlinuxcn-keyring

## 常用
# pacman -Qe # List all explicitly installed packages
# pacman -Qet # list all packages explicitly installed and not required as dependencies
# pacman -Qent # List all explicitly installed native packages (i.e. present in the sync database) that are not direct or optional dependencies
# pacman -Qn # List all native packages (installed from the sync database(s))
# pacman -Qm # List all foreign packages (typically manually downloaded and installed or packages removed from the repositories)

# sudo pacman -Qtdq | sudo pacman -Rns - # recursively removing orphans and their configuration files

# sudo pacman -Qii | awk '/^MODIFIED/ {print $2}' # print modified files under /etc

# pacman -Qs regex # List packages by regex

# pacman -Qg group_name # List installed packages under this group
# pacman -Sg group # List all packages in the package group named `group`, etc, base-devel, gnome
# pacman -Slq | rg <package> # search package_name
# pacman -Qq | grep -Ee '-(bzr|cvs|darcs|git|hg|svn)$' # list all development/unstable packages
# pacman -Syu # Update package list and upgrade all packages afterwards
# pacman -Syu git # Update package list, upgrade all packages, and then install git if it wasn’t already installed

#pacman -S package_name1 package_name2 # Installing specific packages
#pacman -S $(pacman -Ssq package_regex) # Install a list of packages with regex
#pacman -S extra/package_name # Install specific repositories' package
#pacman -S plasma-{desktop,mediacenter,nm}
#pacman -S plasma-{workspace{,-wallpapers},pa}

#pacman -S gnome # Install through group of packages
# Enter a selection (default=all): 1-10 15 # which will select packages 1 through 10 and 15 for installation
# Enter a selection (default=all): ^5-8 ^2 # which will select all packages except 5 through 8 and 2 for installation

#pacman -R package_name # remove a single package, leaving all of its dependencies installed
#pacman -Rs package_name # remove a single package and its dependencies which are not required by any other installed package

#pacman -Qtd # check for packages that were installed as a dependency but now, no other packages depend on them

#pacman -Ss string1 string2 ... # search for packages in the database
#pacman -Qs string1 string2 ... # search for already installed packages
#pacman -F string1 string2 ... # search for package file names in remote packages
#pacman -Fy string1 string2 ... # first flush local cache, then search for package file names in remote packages

#pacman -Si package_name # display extensive information about a given package
#pacman -Qi package_name # display extensive information about locally installed packages
#pacman -Qii package_name # also display the list of backup files and their modification states

#pacman -Ql package_name # retrieve a list of the files installed by a package
#pacman -Fl package_name # retrieve a list of the files installed by a remote package

# 批量删除 Pacman 包
sudo pacman -Rs $(pacman -Qq | grep some_words)
# https://bbs.archlinux.org/viewtopic.php?pid=1533162#p1533162

## Rarely use
#pacman -Qk package_name # verify the presence of the files installed by a package, Passing the k flag twice will perform a more thorough check
#pacman -Qo /path/to/file_name # query the database to know which package a file in the file system belongs to
#pacman -Qo command_name # 找到所属包
#pacman -F /path/to/file_name # query the database to know which remote package a file belongs to

# pacman -Sy # never run!!!
# pacman -Rdd package # never run!!!

warning: dependency cycle detected

WARNING: Possibly missing firmware for module

gpg: key 786C63F330D7CB92: no user ID for key signature packet of class 10
gpg: key 1EB2638FF56C0C53: no user ID for key signature packet of class 10
gpg: next trustdb check due at 2021-10-09
  -> Disabled 3 keys.

## try 1
# pacman-key --refresh-keys
# pacman -S archlinux-keyring archlinuxcn-keyring
## try 2
# rm -R /etc/pacman.d/gnupg/ # No such file or directory
# rm -rf /etc/pacman.d/gnupg/
# rm -R /root/.gnupg/
# rm -R /var/cache/pacman/pkg/
# gpg --refresh-keys
# pacman-key --init
# pacman-key --populate archlinux # still display `gpg: key xxx: no user ID for key signature packet of class 10`
# pacman-key --refresh-keys
# pacman -Syyu

rm -rf /etc/pacman.d/gnupg
pacman-key --init
pacman-key --populate archlinux
pacman-key --populate archlinuxcn

# pacman -S --needed git base-devel
git clone https://aur.archlinux.org/yay.git
cd yay
makepkg -si

# yay -S yay

# Interactively search and install packages from the repos and AUR:
# yay package_name|search_term
# Synchronize and update all packages from the repos and AUR:
# yay
#Synchronize and update only AUR packages:
# yay -Sua
# Install a new package from the repos and AUR:
# yay -S package_name
# Remove an installed package and both its dependencies and configuration files:
# yay -Rns package_name
# Search the package database for a keyword from the repos and AUR:
# yay -Ss keyword
# Remove orphaned packages (installed as dependencies but not required by any package):
# yay -Yc
# Show statistics for installed packages and system health:
# yay -Ps

#!/usr/bin/env bash

rsync -a ~/Dropbox/ /mnt/disk/repo/backup-dropbox
cd /mnt/disk/repo/backup-dropbox
tar czf dropbox-backup-$(date +"%F")-$(date +"%s").tar.gz --exclude='*.tar.gz' --exclude='.dropbox-cache/' --exclude='.dropbox' *

# pacman -S timeshift

# sh -c "$(curl -fsSL https://raw.githubusercontent.com/ohmyzsh/ohmyzsh/master/tools/install.sh)"
## or
# sh -c "$(wget -O- https://raw.githubusercontent.com/ohmyzsh/ohmyzsh/master/tools/install.sh)"

## plugins
# git clone https://github.com/zsh-users/zsh-autosuggestions ~/.oh-my-zsh/custom/plugins/zsh-autosuggestions
# git clone https://github.com/zsh-users/zsh-syntax-highlighting.git ~/.oh-my-zsh/custom/plugins/zsh-syntax-highlighting
# git clone https://gist.github.com/475ee7768efc03727f21.git ~/.oh-my-zsh/custom/plugins/git-auto-status
# git clone https://github.com/jameshgrn/zshnotes/ ~/.oh-my-zsh/custom/plugins/zshnotes

## my configuration
# cp dotfiles/shell/zsh/zshrc ~/.zshrc

# git clone https://github.com/skywind3000/z.lua.git ~/.z.lua
# pacman -S lua

# pacman -S exa

exa
exa --oneline # List files one per line
exa --all # List all files, including hidden files
exa --long --all # Long format list (permissions, ownership, size and modification date) of all files
exa --reverse --sort=size # List files with the largest at the top
exa --long --tree --level=3 # Display a tree of files, three levels deep
exa --long --sort=modified # List files sorted by modification date (oldest first)
exa --long --header --icons --git # List files with their headers, icons, and Git statuses
exa --git-ignore # Don't list files mentioned in `.gitignore`

pacman -S bat

npm install -g tldr
cd ~/.nvm/versions/node/v14.18.1/lib/node_modules/tldr
mkdir -p $ZSH_CUSTOM/plugins/tldr
cp bin/completion/zsh/_tldr $ZSH_CUSTOM/plugins/tldr/_tldr

# pacman -S tldr

export TLDR_CACHE_ENABLED=1
export TLDR_CACHE_MAX_AGE=720
export TLDR_PAGES_SOURCE_LOCATION="https://raw.githubusercontent.com/tldr-pages/tldr/master/pages"
export TLDR_DOWNLOAD_CACHE_LOCATION="https://tldr-pages.github.io/assets/tldr.zip"

pacman -S net-tools

pacman -S hugo

pacman -S lf

pacman -S gh

# pacman -S htop neofetch cronie

# crontab -e

# @hourly /path/to/backup_script_file

# pacman -S virtualbox virtualbox-host-modules-arch virtualbox-ext-oracle
# 这一次安装没有下面的错误消息，但是当我在 Virtualbox 新建虚拟机时，却出现了错误

modprobe vboxdrv
/sbin/rcvboxdrv setup

WARNING: The vboxdrv kernel module is not loaded. Either there is no module available for the current kernel (5.13.8-arch1-1) or it failed to load. Please recompile the kernel module and install it by

sudo /sbin/vboxconfig

You will not be able to start VMs until this problem is fixed.

modprobe vboxdrv

# after install
# systemctl enable --now earlyoom

# pacman -S vagrant
# mkdir arch-vagrant && cd $_
# vim Vagrantfile
# vagrant up

Vagrant.configure("2") do |config|
    config.vm.box = "archlinux/archlinux"
end

No usable default provider could be found for your system.

Vagrant relies on interactions with 3rd party systems, known as

"providers", to provide Vagrant with resources to run development

environments. Examples are VirtualBox, VMware, Hyper-V.

The easiest solution to this message is to install VirtualBox, which

is available for free on all major platforms.

If you believe you already have a provider available, make sure it

is properly installed and configured. You can see more details about

why a particular provider isn't working by forcing usage with

`vagrant up --provider=PROVIDER`, which should give you a more specific

error message for that particular provider.

vagrant up

Vagrant is currently configured to create VirtualBox synced folders with
the `SharedFoldersEnableSymlinksCreate` option enabled. If the Vagrant
guest is not trusted, you may want to disable this option. For more
information on this option, please refer to the VirtualBox manual:

    https://www.virtualbox.org/manual/ch04.html#sharedfolders

This option can be disabled globally with an environment variable:

    VAGRANT_DISABLE_VBOXSYMLINKCREATE=1

or on a per folder basis within the Vagrantfile:

    config.vm.synced_folder '/host/path', '/guest/path', SharedFoldersEnableSymlinksCreate: false

NS_ERROR_INVALID_ARG

# pacman -S qemu

Please add your user to the brlapi group.
Optional dependencies for brltty
    at-spi2-core: X11/GNOME Apps accessibility [installed]
    atk: ATK bridge for X11/GNOME accessibility [installed]
    espeak-ng: espeak-ng driver
    java-runtime: Java support [installed]
    libxaw: X11 support [installed]
    libxt: X11 support [installed]
    libx11: for xbrlapi [installed]
    libxfixes: for xbrlapi [installed]
    libxtst: for xbrlapi [installed]
    ocaml: OCaml support
    python: Python support [installed]
    speech-dispatcher: speech-dispatcher driver [installed]
vde config files should be placed in /etc/vde, sample files are provided.
iptables and dhcpd sample files have been installed to '/usr/share/vde2'.
Merge those examples, if needed to the according config files.

# pacman -S vlc

# pacman -S gthumb

## pnpm 设置镜像
# pnpm config set registry https://registry.npmmirror.com

guile hello-world.scm
;;; note: source file /home/archie/exercism/scheme/hello-world/hello-world.scm
;;;       newer than compiled /home/archie/.cache/guile/ccache/2.2-LE-8-3.A/home/archie/exercism/scheme/hello-world/hello-world.scm.go
;;; note: auto-compilation is enabled, set GUILE_AUTO_COMPILE=0
;;;       or pass the --no-auto-compile argument to disable.
;;; compiling /home/archie/exercism/scheme/hello-world/hello-world.scm
;;; compiled /home/archie/.cache/guile/ccache/2.2-LE-8-3.A/home/archie/exercism/scheme/hello-world/hello-world.scm.go
Hello World!

guile hello-world.scm --no-auto-compile

alias guile="guile --no-auto-compile"

# pacman -S firefox-developer-edition keepassxc spectacle
## aur
# yay -S google-chrome

# yay -S exercism-bin

systemctl enable nscd

mkdir ~/.config/redshift
vim ~/.config/redshift/redshift.conf

[redshift]
location-provider=manual
temp-day=5500
temp-night=3700

[manual]
lat=33.165395
lon=115.622324

QT_QPA_PLATFORM=xcb kfontview

killall pulseaudio

pacman -S dictd
yay -S goldendict-webengine-git dict-wn dict-moby-thesaurus